Rule-10B, Income-tax Rules

 Rule-10B, Income-tax Rules

Determination of arm's length price under section 92C .

10B . (1) For the purposes of sub-section (2) of section 92C, the arm's length price in relation to an international transaction [or a specified domestic transaction] shall be determined by any of the following methods, being the most appropriate method, in the following manner, namely :—

(a) comparable uncontrolled price method, by which,—

(i) the price charged or paid for property transferred or services provided in a comparable uncontrolled transaction, or a number of such transactions, is identified;

(ii) such price is adjusted to account for differences, if any, between the international transaction [or the specified domestic transaction] and the comparable uncontrolled transactions or between the enterprises entering into such transactions, which could materially affect the price in the open market;

(iii) the adjusted price arrived at under sub-clause (ii) is taken to be an arm's length price in respect of the property transferred or services provided in the international transaction [or the specified domestic transaction] ;

(b) resale price method, by which,—

(i) the price at which property purchased or services obtained by the enterprise from an associated enterprise is resold or are provided to an unrelated enterprise, is identified;

(ii) such resale price is reduced by the amount of a normal gross profit margin accruing to the enterprise or to an unrelated enterprise from the purchase and resale of the same or similar property or from obtaining and providing the same or similar services, in a comparable uncontrolled transaction, or a number of such transactions;

(iii) the price so arrived at is further reduced by the expenses incurred by the enterprise in connection with the purchase of property or obtaining of services;

(iv) the price so arrived at is adjusted to take into account the functional and other differences, including differences in accounting practices, if any, between the international transaction [or the specified domestic transaction] and the comparable uncontrolled transactions, or between the enterprises entering into such transactions, which could materially affect the amount of gross profit margin in the open market;

(v) the adjusted price arrived at under sub-clause (iv) is taken to be an arm's length price in respect of the purchase of the property or obtaining of the services by the enterprise from the associated enterprise;

(c) cost plus method, by which,—

(i) the direct and indirect costs of production incurred by the enterprise in respect of property transferred or services provided to an associated enterprise, are determined;

(ii) the amount of a normal gross profit mark-up to such costs (computed according to the same accounting norms) arising from the transfer or provision of the same or similar property or services by the enterprise, or by an unrelated enterprise, in a comparable uncontrolled transaction, or a number of such transactions, is determined;

(iii) the normal gross profit mark-up referred to in sub-clause (ii) is adjusted to take into account the functional and other differences, if any, between the international transaction [or the specified domestic transaction] and the comparable uncontrolled transactions, or between the enterprises entering into such transactions, which could materially affect such profit mark-up in the open market;

(iv) the costs referred to in sub-clause (i) are increased by the adjusted profit mark-up arrived at under sub-clause (iii);

(v) the sum so arrived at is taken to be an arm's length price in relation to the supply of the property or provision of services by the enterprise;

(d) profit split method, which may be applicable mainly in international transactions [or specified domestic transactions] involving transfer of unique intangibles or in multiple international transactions [or specified domestic transactions] which are so interrelated that they cannot be evaluated separately for the purpose of determining the arm's length price of any one transaction, by which—

(i) the combined net profit of the associated enterprises arising from the international transaction [or the specified domestic transaction] in which they are engaged, is determined;

(ii) the relative contribution made by each of the associated enterprises to the earning of such combined net profit, is then evaluated on the basis of the functions performed, assets employed or to be employed and risks assumed by each enterprise and on the basis of reliable external market data which indicates how such contribution would be evaluated by unrelated enterprises performing comparable functions in similar circumstances;

(iii) the combined net profit is then split amongst the enterprises in proportion to their relative contributions, as evaluated under sub-clause (ii);

(iv) the profit thus apportioned to the assessee is taken into account to arrive at an arm's length price in relation to the international transaction [or the specified domestic transaction] :

  Provided that the combined net profit referred to in sub-clause (i) may, in the first instance, be partially allocated to each enterprise so as to provide it with a basic return appropriate for the type of international transaction [or specified domestic transaction] in which it is engaged, with reference to market returns achieved for similar types of transactions by independent enterprises, and thereafter, the residual net profit remaining after such allocation may be split amongst the enterprises in proportion to their relative contribution in the manner specified under sub-clauses (ii) and (iii), and in such a case the aggregate of the net profit allocated to the enterprise in the first instance together with the residual net profit apportioned to that enterprise on the basis of its relative contribution shall be taken to be the net profit arising to that enterprise from the international transaction [or the specified domestic transaction] ;

(e) transactional net margin method, by which,—

(i) the net profit margin realised by the enterprise from an international transaction [or a specified domestic transaction] entered into with an associated enterprise is computed in relation to costs incurred or sales effected or assets employed or to be employed by the enterprise or having regard to any other relevant base;

(ii) the net profit margin realised by the enterprise or by an unrelated enterprise from a comparable uncontrolled transaction or a number of such transactions is computed having regard to the same base;

(iii) the net profit margin referred to in sub-clause (ii) arising in comparable uncontrolled transactions is adjusted to take into account the differences, if any, between the international transaction [or the specified domestic transaction] and the comparable uncontrolled transactions, or between the enterprises entering into such transactions, which could materially affect the amount of net profit margin in the open market;

(iv) the net profit margin realised by the enterprise and referred to in sub-clause (i) is established to be the same as the net profit margin referred to in sub-clause (iii);

(v) the net profit margin thus established is then taken into account to arrive at an arm's length price in relation to the international transaction [or the specified domestic transaction];

[ (f) any other method as provided in rule 10AB. ]

(2) For the purposes of sub-rule (1), the comparability of an international transaction [or a specified domestic transaction] with an uncontrolled transaction shall be judged with reference to the following, namely:—

(a) the specific characteristics of the property transferred or services provided in either transaction;

(b) the functions performed, taking into account assets employed or to be employed and the risks assumed, by the respective parties to the transactions;

(c) the contractual terms (whether or not such terms are formal or in writing) of the transactions which lay down explicitly or implicitly how the responsibilities, risks and benefits are to be divided between the respective parties to the transactions;

(d) conditions prevailing in the markets in which the respective parties to the transactions operate, including the geographical location and size of the markets, the laws and Government orders in force, costs of labour and capital in the markets, overall economic development and level of competition and whether the markets are wholesale or retail.

(3) An uncontrolled transaction shall be comparable to an international transaction [or a specified domestic transaction] if—

(i) none of the differences, if any, between the transactions being compared, or between the enterprises entering into such transactions are likely to materially affect the price or cost charged or paid in, or the profit arising from, such transactions in the open market; or

(ii) reasonably accurate adjustments can be made to eliminate the material effects of such differences.

(4) The data to be used in analysing the comparability of an uncontrolled transaction with an international transaction [or a specified domestic transaction] shall be the data relating to the financial year [(hereafter in this rule and in rule 10CA referred to as the 'current year')] in which the international transaction [or the specified domestic transaction] has been entered into :

Provided that data relating to a period not being more than two years prior to [the current year] may also be considered if such data reveals facts which could have an influence on the determination of transfer prices in relation to the transactions being compared:

[Provided further that the first proviso shall not apply while analysing the comparability of an uncontrolled transaction with an international transaction or a specified domestic transaction, entered into on or after the 1st day of April, 2014. ]

[ (5) In a case where the most appropriate method for determination of the arm's length price of an international transaction or a specified domestic transaction, entered into on or after the 1st day of April, 2014, is the method specified in clause (b), clause (c) or clause (e) of sub-section (1) of section 92C, then, notwithstanding anything contained in sub-rule (4), the data to be used for analysing the comparability of an uncontrolled transaction with an international transaction or a specified domestic transaction shall be,—

(i) the data relating to the current year; or

(ii) the data relating to the financial year immediately preceding the current, if the data relating to the current year is not available at the time of furnishing the return of income by the assessee, for the assessment year relevant to the current year:

Provided that where the data relating to the current year is subsequently available at the time of determination of arm's length price of an international transaction or a specified domestic transaction during the course of any assessment proceeding for the assessment year relevant to the current year, then, such data shall be used for such determination irrespective of the fact that the data was not available at the time of furnishing the return of income of the relevant assessment year.]

Rule-10AB, Income-tax Rules

 Rule-10AB, Income-tax Rules

[Other method of determination of arm's length price.

10AB. For the purposes of clause (f) of sub-section (1) of section 92C, the other method for determination of the arm's length price in relation to an international transaction [or a specified domestic transaction]shall be any method which takes into account the price which has been charged or paid, or would have been charged or paid, for the same or similar uncontrolled transaction, with or between non-associated enterprises, under similar circumstances, considering all the relevant facts.]

Rule-10A, Income-tax Rules

 Rule-10A, Income-tax Rules

[Meaning of expressions used in computation of arm's length price.

10A. For the purposes of this rule and rules [10AB] to 10E,—

[(a) "associated enterprise" shall,—

(i) have the same meaning as assigned to it in section 92A; and

(ii) in relation to a specified domestic transaction entered into by an assessee, include —

(A) the persons referred to in clause (b) of sub-section (2) of section 40A in respect of a transaction referred to in clause (a) of sub-section (2) of the said section;

(B) other units or undertakings or businesses of such assessee in respect of a transaction referred to in section 80A or, as the case may be, sub-section (8) of section 80-IA;

(C) any other person referred to in sub-section (10) of section 80-IA in respect of a transaction referred to therein;

(D) other units, undertakings, enterprises or business of such assessee, or other person referred to in sub-section (10) of section 80-IA, as the case may be, in respect of a transaction referred to in section 10AA or the transactions referred to in Chapter VI-A to which the provisions of sub-section (8) or, as the case may be, the provisions of sub-section (10) of section 80-IA are applicable;

(aa) "enterprise" shall have the same meaning as assigned to it in clause (iii) of section 92F and shall, for the purposes of a specified domestic transaction, include a unit, or an enterprise, or an undertaking or a business of a person who undertakes such transaction;]

[(ab)] "uncontrolled transaction" means a transaction between enterprises other than associated enterprises, whether resident or non-resident;

(b) "property" includes goods, articles or things, and intangible property;

(c) "services" include financial services;

(d) "transaction" includes a number of closely linked transactions.

Rule-10, Income-tax Rules

 Rule-10, Income-tax Rules

Determination of income in the case of non-residents.

10. In any case in which the [Assessing Officer] is of opinion that the actual amount of the income accruing or arising to any non-resident person whether directly or indirectly, through or from any business connection in India or through or from any property in India or through or from any asset or source of income in India or through or from any money lent at interest and brought into India in cash or in kind cannot be definitely ascertained, the amount of such income for the purposes of assessment to income-tax [* * *] may be calculated :—

(i) at such percentage of the turnover so accruing or arising as the [Assessing Officer] may consider to be reasonable, or

(ii) on any amount which bears the same proportion to the total profits and gains of the business of such person (such profits and gains being computed in accordance with the provisions of the Act), as the receipts so accruing or arising bear to the total receipts of the business, or

(iii) in such other manner as the [Assessing Officer] may deem suitable.

Rule-9D, Income-tax Rules

 Rule-9D, Income-tax Rules

1 [Calculation of taxable interest relating to contribution in a provident fund or recognised provided fund, exceeding specified limit.

9D. (1) For the purposes of the first and second provisos to clauses (11) and (12) of section 10, income by way of interest accrued during the previous year which is not exempt from inclusion in the total income of a person under the said clauses (hereinafter in this rule referred to as the taxable interest), shall be computed as the interest accrued during the previous year in the taxable contribution account.

(2) For the purpose of calculation of taxable interest under sub-rule (1), separate accounts within the provident fund account shall be maintained during the previous year 2021-2022 and all subsequent previous years for taxable contribution and non-taxable contribution made by a person.

Explanation: For the purposes of this rule,—

(a) Non-taxable contribution account shall be the aggregate of the following, namely:—

(i) closing balance in the account as on 31st day of March, 2021;

(ii) any contribution made by the person in the account during the previous year 2021-2022 and subsequent previous years, which is not included in the taxable contribution account; and

(iii) interest accrued on sub-clause (i) and sub-clause (ii),

  as reduced by the withdrawal, if any, from such account;

(b) Taxable contribution account shall be the aggregate of the following, namely:-

(i) contribution made by the person in a previous year in the account during the previous year 2021-2022 and subsequent previous years, which is in excess of the threshold limit; and

(ii) interest accrued on sub- clause (i),

  as reduced by the withdrawal, if any, from such account; and

(c) The threshold limit shall mean:

(i) five lakh rupees, if the second proviso to clause (11) or clause (12) of section 10 is applicable; and

(ii) two lakh and fifty thousand rupees in other cases.]

Rule-9C, Income-tax Rules

 Rule-9C, Income-tax Rules

[Conditions for carrying forward or set-off of accumulated loss and unabsorbed depreciation allowance in case of amalgamation.

9C. The conditions referred to in clause (iii) of sub-section (2) of section 72A shall be the following, namely :—

(a) the amalgamated company, owning an industrial undertaking of the amalgamating company by way of amalgamation, shall achieve the level of production of at least fifty per cent of the installed capacity of the said undertaking before the end of four years from the date of amalgamation and continue to maintain the said minimum level of production till the end of five years from the date of amalgamation :

  Provided that the Central Government, on an application made by the amalgamated company, may relax the condition of achieving the level of production or the period during which the same is to be achieved or both in suitable cases having regard to the genuine efforts made by the amalgamated company to attain the prescribed level of production and the circumstances preventing such efforts from achieving the same;

(b) the amalgamated company shall furnish to the Assessing Officer a certificate in Form No. 62, duly verified by an accountant, with reference to the books of account and other documents showing particulars of production, along with the return of income for the assessment year relevant to the previous year during which the prescribed level of production is achieved and for subsequent assessment years relevant to the previous years falling within five years from the date of amalga-mation.

Explanation.—For the purposes of this rule,—

(a) “installed capacity” means the capacity of production existing on the date of amalgamation; and

(b) “accountant” means the accountant as defined in the Explanation below sub-section (2) of section 288 of the Income-tax Act, 1961.]

Rule-9B, Income-tax Rules

Rule-9B, Income-tax Rules 

[Deduction in respect of expenditure on acquisition of distribution rights of feature films.

9B. (1) In computing the profits and gains of the business of distribution of feature films carried on by a person (the person carrying on such business hereafter in this rule referred to as film distributor), the deduction in respect of the cost of acquisition of a feature film shall be allowed in accordance with sub-rule (2) to sub-rule (4).

Explanation : For the purposes of this rule, “cost of acquisition”, in relation to a feature film, means the amount paid [by the film distributor to the film producer or to another distributor under an agreement entered into by the film distributor with such film producer or such other distributor, as the case may be] for acquiring the rights of exhibition and, where the rights of exhibition have been acquired on a minimum guarantee basis, the minimum amount guaranteed, not being—

(i) the amount of expenditure incurred by the film distributor for the preparation of the positive prints of the film; and

(ii) the expenditure incurred by him in connection with the advertisement of the film.

(2) Where a feature film is acquired by the film distributor in any previous year and in such previous year—

(a) the film distributor sells all rights of exhibition of the film, the entire cost of acquisition of the film shall be allowed as a deduction in computing the profits and gains of such previous year; or

(b) the film distributor,—

(i) himself exhibits the film on a commercial basis in all or some of the areas; or

(ii) sells the rights of exhibition of the film in respect of some of the areas; or

(iii) himself exhibits the film on a commercial basis in certain areas and sells the rights of exhibition of the film in respect of all or some of the remaining areas,

and the film is released for exhibition on a commercial basis at least [ninety] days before the end of such previous year, the entire cost of acquisition of the film shall be allowed as a deduction in computing the profits and gains of such previous year.

(3) Where a feature film is acquired by the film distributor in any previous year and in such previous year the film distributor—

(a) himself exhibits the film on a commercial basis in all or some of the areas; or

(b) sells the rights of exhibition of the film in respect of some of the areas; or

(c) himself exhibits the film on a commercial basis in certain areas and sells the rights of exhibition of the film in respect of all or some of the remaining areas,

and the film is not released for exhibition on a commercial basis at least [ninety] days before the end of such previous year, the cost of acquisition of the film in so far as it does not exceed the amount realised by the film distributor by exhibiting the film on a commercial basis or the amount for which the rights of exhibition have been sold or, as the case may be, the aggregate of the amounts realised by the film distributor by exhibiting the film and by the sale of the rights of exhibition, shall be allowed as a deduction in computing the profits and gains of such previous year; and the balance, if any, shall be carried forward to the next following previous year and allowed as a deduction in that year.

(4) Where during the previous year in which a feature film is acquired by the film distributor, he does not himself exhibit the film on a commercial basis or does not sell the rights of exhibition of the film, no deduction shall be allowed in respect of the cost of acquisition of the film in computing the profits and gains of such previous year; and the entire cost of acquisition shall be carried forward to the next following previous year and allowed as a deduction in that year.

(5) Notwithstanding anything contained in the foregoing provisions of this rule, the deduction under this rule shall not be allowed unless—

(a) in a case where the film distributor,—

(i) has himself exhibited the feature film on a commercial basis; or

(ii) has sold the rights of exhibition of the feature film; or

(iii) has himself exhibited the feature film on a commercial basis in some areas and has sold the rights of exhibition of the feature film in respect of all or some of the remaining areas,

  the amount realised by exhibiting the film, or the amount for which the rights of exhibition have been sold, or, as the case may be, the aggregate of such amounts, is credited in the books of account maintained by him in respect of the year in which the deduction is admissible ;

(b) in a case where the film distributor has transferred the rights of exhibition of the feature film on a minimum guarantee basis, the minimum amount guaranteed and the amount, if any, received or due in excess of the guaranteed amount, or where the film distributor follows cash system of accounting, the amount received towards the minimum guarantee and the amount, if any, received in excess of the guaranteed amount, are credited in the books of account maintained by him in respect of the year in which the deduction is admissible.

(6) For the purposes of this rule,—

(i) the sale of the rights of exhibition of a feature film includes the lease of such rights or their transfer on a minimum guarantee basis ;

(ii) the rights of exhibition of a feature film shall be deemed to have been sold only on the date when the positive prints of the film are delivered by the film distributor to the purchaser of such rights ;

[(iii) distributor shall include a sub-distributor.]

[(7) Nothing contained in this rule shall apply in relation to any assessment year commencing before the 1st day of April, 1987.]